L'Ecologia del Paisatge estableix que els paisatges estan conformats per 'elements' espacials, que poden esser representats (cartogràficament i idealment) segons un model conegut com 'PATCH-CORRIDOR-MATRIX MODEL' (Forman, 1995). Sota aquest model, al paisatge es reconeixen típicament tres principals 'elements', l'extensió i la configuració dels quals defineix l'estructura d'aquest paisatge: matrius, fragments i corredors. Un bon resum d'aquests conceptes i la seva utilitat en l'anàlisi del paisatge es pot trobar al següent document PDF (Landscape Ecology and Ecosystems Management, per Thomas G. Barnes):
http://www.landscapeonline.de/archive/2008/3/LO3_Hoechstetter_etal_2008.pdf
Patch: Landscapes are composed of a mosaic of patches (Urban et al., 1987). Landscape ecologists have used a variety of terms to refer to the basic elements or units that make up a landscape, including ecotope, biotope, landscape component, landscape element, landscape unit, landscape cell, geotope, facies, habitat, and site (Forman and Godron 1986). Any of these terms, when defined, are satisfactory according to the preference of the investigator.
Corridor: Corridors are linear landscape elements that can be defined on the basis of structure or function. Forman and Godron (1986) define corridors as “narrow strips of land which differ from the matrix on either side. Corridors may be isolated strips, but are usually attached to a patch of somewhat similar vegetation”.
Matrix: A landscape is composed typically of several types of landscape elements (usually patches). Of these, the matrix is the most extensive and most connected landscape element type, and therefore plays the dominant role in the functioning of the landscape (Forman i Godron 1986).
http://www.landscapeonline.de/archive/2008/3/LO3_Hoechstetter_etal_2008.pdf
Patch: Landscapes are composed of a mosaic of patches (Urban et al., 1987). Landscape ecologists have used a variety of terms to refer to the basic elements or units that make up a landscape, including ecotope, biotope, landscape component, landscape element, landscape unit, landscape cell, geotope, facies, habitat, and site (Forman and Godron 1986). Any of these terms, when defined, are satisfactory according to the preference of the investigator.
Corridor: Corridors are linear landscape elements that can be defined on the basis of structure or function. Forman and Godron (1986) define corridors as “narrow strips of land which differ from the matrix on either side. Corridors may be isolated strips, but are usually attached to a patch of somewhat similar vegetation”.
Matrix: A landscape is composed typically of several types of landscape elements (usually patches). Of these, the matrix is the most extensive and most connected landscape element type, and therefore plays the dominant role in the functioning of the landscape (Forman i Godron 1986).
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